Wikiversity:Scope of research/Policy/Zh

維基學院方針
研究
研究指引 研究範圍 研究審查委員會

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維基學院計畫的提案，包含了維基學院計畫中，對於研究所扮演的角色。許多學術研究活動的類型，自然會產出尚未存在於之前出版來源存在的新知識。為了鼓勵與管理這類研究，如何讓這些研究活動滿足維基學院所設立的研究指引，成為了一種挑戰與潛在的問題。維基學院的參與者進行了廣泛的學術研究活動，以支持維基學院的教育使命。然而，並不是所有類型的研究適合維基學院。本頁面提供各種適用於維基學院研究活動種類的例子，並列出不能接受的研究類型。

次級研究

針對已存在的知識進行學術評價（次級研究、文獻探討）是許多維基學院教育活動的一個組成部分。維基學院促進與孕育基於維基學院參與者學習目標的探索，而發起的所有這些二次研究，即使這會產生「新穎的論述與詮釋」。

維基學院要求所有維基學院參與者必須要列明可靠與可查證的來源（例子）。次級研究是維基學院編輯者的基礎技巧。部分文獻探討會無縫融合成持續性教育導向的研究計畫，更進一步就會產生新的原創研究成果（例子）。

原創研究

數種原創研究計畫類型，已經在英語維基學院開始進行。部分計畫轉向維基內部，探索維基為基礎的學習社群動態。如今，許多大型公開資料庫已經上線。部分維基學院研究計畫鼓勵維基學院參與者探索線上資料庫，並藉由蒐集從其他資料庫蒐集而來的資料進行研究。其他計畫則號召維基學院參與者收集新的資料。

以下是被認為是維基學院研究範圍，且已經開始進行的原創研究例子。（請添加其他非英語維基學院的例子。）

維基上的研究

Some original research activities are directed towards introspective analysis of how wikis can be used as a tool to support learning. Examples:

Developing Wikiversity through action research in its largest sense, the question this project will address is "Why Wikiversity?" In other words: why does Wikiversity exist, and what does its existence mean for the world of education, and for you and me? Wikiversity is a repository of learning materials, a resource for self-study, a space for collaboration, a space in which to learn collaboratively, a space to explore about learning, a space to learn about teaching, etc. So, how does Wikiversity do all this - "how" in the sense of "by what means" - and, crucially, "by what values"..

Learning to learn a wiki way - Using wikis as tools for learning is a new and evolving social practice. If Wikiversity is to succeed, we need to learn how to make the best use of wikis for learning. This project aims to be an exemplar of how a wiki can be used for learning and to refine, develop and expand on the social practice of using wikis for learning.

See also: Wikiversity:action research

使用公開資料庫的研究

The Observational astronomy learning project has activities for participants that guide them through the same process that an astronomer uses to analyze data. Participants in the Extrasolar planet project explore telescope data to find planets orbiting distant stars. The goal is to create a learning group where participants can compare notes and document the search process and to create an extended learning activity about exoplanets. No prior experience is needed; participants get step by step instructions on how to get started.

使用從維基參與者收集的資料進行的研究

Participants in the Bloom Clock track and report the bloom times of wildflowers and other plants. Bloom clocks are kept by gardeners, ecologists, and others who record the time of year different plants are in bloom. This project attempts to reduce the effects of anomalous data in an attempt to generate maps of geographical "zones" that can eventually be used when describing a plant's expected bloom time in a particular region.

不能接受的研究

Original research is conducted for many reasons, not all of which are compatible with the mission and format of the Wikiversity project. The following are examples of research activities that are beyond the educational mission and capabilities of Wikiversity:

• Research that as a goal is selective in what products, services, companies, events, people or other things to include or exclude for an intended purpose outside the educational mission of Wikiversity (However research based on specific criteria for inclusion or exclusion for correlation or comparison purposes may be acceptable; e.g., a study to understand the correlation of gender and racial background in human selection of automobile brands and models that attempts to include all available brands and/or models in the research design with the results made available for anyone read at Wikiversity).
• Research that violates Wikimedia Foundation policy such as the privacy policy.
• Research that threatens or compromises the reputation or public image of the Wikimedia Foundation or its various projects.
• Research that is illegal or unethical.
• Research that would normally be formally reviewed by an Institutional Review Board. (Exceptions: If a research project that includes research activities conducted within a Wikiversity website was first reviewed and approved by an existing IRB of an accredited research institution, and if the project was openly conducted according to the IRB-approved protocol, then it is likely acceptable for inclusion within Wikiversity.)

處理研究的程序

It is up to individual Wikiversity projects to decide the exact nature of their research policies - to define what research is (and what particular types of research are), and what is appropriate for that project. In particular, smaller Wikiversity projects may not feel adequately equipped (with policies and/or people) to deal with research. Therefore, each Wikiversity project must specify (before setup, or as soon thereafter as possible):

1. What kind(s) of research it allows, and disallows
2. Local processes for dealing with research

These can be copies or slight modifications of the policies on Beta, or of any parts of these policies. Below are a number of guidelines that each project must consider - at a minimum - in order to clarify the inclusion of research in that project. More detailed guidelines dealing with research can be found at Research Guidelines.

審查

In order to allow original research in a Wikiversity project, there must be a system of (peer) review in place. This is essentially a community-led process of flagging, discussing, modifying, and, where appropriate, deleting - see guidelines for details. In cases of significant or technical debate, a review board may be required.

標籤

Research of any kind must be tagged as "research" (eg., by adding it to a category like Category:Research). Material that appears to constitute research, and that is not appropriately tagged, may be removed from the site.

出版

Research added to Wikiversity is not automatically "published" (in the traditional sense), and cannot be added as a source for other texts in Wikimedia projects (Wikipedia, Wikibooks, etc.) without the appropriate peer review process.

維基學院在支持研究當中的角色

• Research at Wikiversity is intended to be complementary to existing traditional methods of research. Wikiversity provides an experimental platform for new ways of approaching and collaborating on research projects. Wikiversity explores research activities that promote learning and the goals of the Wikimedia Foundation.

適當的貢獻

Research that is done on Wikiversity must be properly attributed to the participating researchers. Authorship must be clearly stated. At the English language Wikiversity it has been proposed that all editors working outside of the confines of a neutral point of view (NPOV) policy have a registered username and maintain a verified email address.

限制

Research projects should recognize the limitations of using a Wiki, and should elaborate on how the resources offered on Wikiversity are being used. A research project should address the extent to which Wikiversity is being used as a mechanism for:

• Sharing content
• Communication
• ...

參見

維基學院方針
研究
研究指引 研究範圍 研究審查委員會

• Research policies
  • Research Guidelines for Wikiversity
  • Scope of research - past multi-lingual discussions.
  • Review Board - formal peer review for Wikiversity
• Research-related pages
  • Wikiversity:Research - Source documents concerning research within Wikiversity
  • Original research - unpublished research into a topic using literature review and/or methods in addition to literature review
  • Secondary research - research into a topic using the method of literature review